Critically Examine The Explanation Of How We Read A Piece Of Written

Critically Examine The Explanation Of How We Read A Piece Of Written Critically Examine The Explanation Of How We Read A Piece Of Written Material â€" Essay Example > A Critical Examination: The Visual Cognitive Process AbstractThe paper is an investigation in the human visual process of reading. It initially finds that there are two parallel sets of processes involved in this â€" the distal processes that are indirectly involved and the proximal processes that are directly involved. Distal processes may be verbal skills and retrieval from long-term memory (Kirby, J.R. , 1999). Proximal processes may be - orthography (this is the graphic dimension of the letters in the text which may collectively be recognizable as words; common grammatical signs such as punctuation marks etc. are also taken in by this initial task; orthography is the first task that is performed in visual reading); phonology (this is the sound element of words and pseudowords that allows the reader to associate them with their semantics and other properties; it is noted here that humans usually learn language through the spoken means and phonology allows them to more easily as sociate with other properties); syntactics (each language prescribes a particular order in which it may be spoken or written in a grammatical sense and this is syntactics; the reader has to decode the syntactics to move forward to the next reading tasks â€" lexicology and semantics); lexicology (this is the signified meaning of the words as they are posited in the text and is construed as per the previously realized tasks); semantics (this is the signified associated implications and inferences that can be drawn on the words and sentences taken in conjunction or in singularity and this task assists primarily in comprehension) and thematic processing (this is the task that allows individual components of a text to be aligned to others so that a comprehensive meaningful overview of the text is available to the reader) (McCallum, R.D. , 2006). The paper also finds hat these processes, in visual reading are deployed in two manner of approaches â€" the bottom-up approach adopted by less -skilled readers who use the orthography of the textual components to proceed further into visual processing for understanding and storing textual meaning and the top-down approach employed by skilled readers who can almost instantaneously interpret orthography of certain textual components into comprehension (Healey, C.G. , 2006). The paper also finds that preattentive reading skills assist the reader in focusing on textual components while post-attentive ones allow him or her to enable further comprehension and memorial retention (Healey, C.G. , 2006). The paper has eschewed lengthy discussion on relevant process regions in the brain as the evidence to date is too copious to include within its brevity. It has fairly concluded that both the cerebral cortex and, as more recently found, parts of the cerebellum are involved in the processes of visual reading, regions and activation varying with differentiation in presented text and, sometimes, gender of reader. IntroductionReading i s fundamentally a set of processes by which an individual utilizes text to gain meaning, knowledge or experience from it (Henry, D.J. , Undated). It is a process that allows human individuals to access a particular phenomenon, the text being read, in their immediate physical environment. In essence, the individual is utilizing his or her perception, with and without prior knowledge to assist it, to subjectivise, as thoroughly as possible, an objective in the world. All the processes involved in this, the perceptive processes, shall be dealt with here to some detail. These may be available from a number of interrelated disciplines such as â€" cognitive and developmental psychology, educational research and neuroscientific research. Thus, it is noted that both the psychological and physiological aspects of a human individual’s techniques that are employed to read text shall be elucidated. As the title implies, reading is a highly visual process as the main stimulus is the letters o f the text provided from the outside and the eyes, in turn, access the letters of the texts.