The war for talent Attracting and retaining organisational commitment

The war for ability Attracting and holding authoritative responsibility Time has changed the manner in which associations work today. Contemporary associations not just need to seek notoriety and unmistakable hierarchical assets, yet in addition need to take an interest in the war for ability (Bartlett Ghoshal 2002). Bartlett and Ghoshal (2002) depicted the war for ability as vieing for capable and gifted laborers by drawing in them to work for the association just as holding their dependability. Thus, this paper will revolve around three human asset the executives (HRM) techniques, that is, fascination, inspiration, and maintenance. These systems are significant in light of the fact that they help associations to increase upper hand (Bartlett Ghoshal 2002; Global Reporting Initiative 2002; Jensen 2005). Upper hand alludes to an association boosting its qualities as a strategy to contend in the commercial center (Bartlett Ghoshal 2002) which comprises of cost administration and separation in items and administrations (Global Reporting Initiative 2002). A ssociations can win the war for ability and consequently increment their upper hand by making and keeping up devotion inside associations, though now and again requiring significant speculation, exertion, and duty to defeat impediments. This conversation will exhibit that HRM performs more than managerial obligations and assumes an imperative job in deciding an associations achievement. Instances of associations achievements in drawing in, inspiring, and holding representatives will be delineated all through the conversation. This article finishes up with an investigation of the abilities HR administrators need to turn into an associations key accomplice. Drawing in staff into an association is one of the fundamental HR exercises and is normally the initial move towards securing gifted representatives or ability to assemble upper hand (Holland, Sheehan De Cieri 2007). The connection between worker fascination and authoritative elements can be seen through the work environment fascination model created by Amundson (2007). In building up his model, Amundson (2007, p. 161) looked into changed methodologies and distinguished ten attractors that appeared to intensely impact work environment fascination; security, area, connections, acknowledgment, commitment, work fit, adaptability, learning, obligation, and advancement. Amundson (2007) drew importance of attractors from Bright and Pryors (2005) mayhem hypothesis of vocations whereby profession conduct needs are for the most part comprehended comparable to vulnerability, flexibility, plausibility, continuous change, and consistency (p. 156). Amundson (2007) likewise upheld that the effect of every attractor contrasts for everybody and can change with time. Likewise, there are fundamental aides that empower conduct on one hand and cutoff points on the other (Bright Pryor 2005). Thus, it is significant for associations to effectively persuade and hold representatives once they become some portion of the association since drawing in factors shift as per people needs, wants, and conditions. Kimberly-Clark runs on the estimations of care and development from its brands to the manner in which it treats its representatives, clients, network, and nature (Kimberly-Clark Worldwide 2009). This is exhibited with its Employee Participation Program in which it empowers and supports the commitments of representatives to any reason or network association of their decision (Kimberly-Clark Worldwide 2009). For instance, all representatives are permitted to take a paid working vacation day in a year to chip in at their preferred foundation (Kimberly-Clark Worldwide 2009). Moreover, the workers commitments are recognized with an honor (Kimberly-Clark Worldwide 2009). Kimberly-Clark likewise stresses its commitment towards worker preparing and advancement, just as security and prosperity. This dedication has prompted the decrease of detailed wounds by 30 percent in 2008 (Kimberly-Clark Worldwide 2009). Generally speaking, it creates the impression that Kimberly-Clark relates to Amundson s (2007) attractors which would thusly welcome talented laborers to be a piece of the association. Kimberly-Clarks witticism of care would likewise pull in individuals who hold similar qualities and thusly, be spurred to reinforce and keep up its notoriety for being an organization that cares. As needs be, associations can win the war for ability with venture, exertion, and responsibility and in this manner, increment its upper hand. So as to increase upper hand, associations need to draw in scholarly funding to guarantee manageability (Earle 2003). Manageability alludes to the limit with regards to associations to endure and be effective in a dynamic and serious condition (Global Reporting Initiative 2002). It likewise incorporates approaches and practices of drawing in, persuading, and holding representatives (Earle 2003; Global Reporting Initiative 2002; Holland, Sheehan De Cieri 2007). Manageability is noteworthy as individuals are one of a kind. They make development in the association by bringing unmistakable information, aptitudes, and experience into the association (Amundson 2007; Harell Daim 2010; Ramlall 2004) which further adds to authoritative worth and upgraded execution. To delineate the contention above, St. George Bank, as a major aspect of the individuals from Australias driving Retail and Business Banking brands (St. George Bank n.d.) has demonstrated its manageability by winning various honors and acknowledgment, remembering partaking for the 2008 Family Friendly Employer of Choice program to acknowledge family amicable practices and decent variety; just as being the victor of the Australian HR Awards 2007 Employer of Choice (St. George Bank n.d.). These honors additionally take after Amundsons (2007) connections, acknowledgment, and commitment attractors which could then fill in as a support for individuals to work at St. George Bank. Besides, these attractors can make and keep up unwaveringness towards the bank. Associations are required to effectively look for capable workers because of the test of globalization. This is on the grounds that so as to endure, more markets are internationalized to contend both locally and universally (De Cieri et al. 2008; Jorgensen Taylor 2008; Ma Trigo 2008). Other than this, worldwide endeavors face the test of dealing with the worldwide workforce versatility because of the universal assignments of its representatives (De Cieri et al. 2008), which for the most part includes a lot of venture (Dowling, Festing Allen D. Engle 2008). In this manner, the aftereffect of having an expanded worldwide human capital development builds rivalry for talented representatives (Earle 2003; Jorgensen Taylor 2008; Ramlall 2004). In this manner, there is a requirement for associations to effectively actualize techniques to draw in and hold talented workers. Associations are additionally contending to draw in talented representatives in view of basic aptitude deficiencies (Amundson 2007; Holland, Sheehan Cieri 2006; Holland, Sheehan De Cieri 2007; Hunt Rasmussen 2007; Jorgensen Taylor 2008; Ma Trigo 2008). Aptitude deficiencies are strengthened because of an expansion in the maturing populace, which is described by expanded life span and lower birth rates (Australian Bureau Of Statistics 2007; De Cieri et al. 2008; Jorgensen Taylor 2008; Office for a maturing Australia 2001). Thus, the issue of expertise deficiencies turns out to be increasingly noticeable as the maturing populace resign (Ruch 2000). Along these lines, associations that likewise endeavor to pull in the maturing populace by implication make a various workforce (Erickson 2010; Jorgensen Taylor 2008). Subsequently, associations can win the war for ability as various research recommends that assorted variety inside associations prompts upper hand (e.g., Henry Evans 2007; Koc han et al. 2003; Riach 2009). This is on the grounds that various gatherings bring distinctive information and experience into the association, which continuously makes more extravagant scholarly assets. Three reciprocal worker maintenance models are quickly referenced. The first is the coordinating model; a type of worker determination approach where both the organization and candidate attempts to reflect the prerequisites, interests, and standards of the other (March Simon 1958, refered to in Samson Daft 2005). Second is the integrity of-fit model that simultaneously thinks about individual and relevant components (Latham Pinder 2005). At long last, the vocation dynamic model considers inner and outer variables that sway upon people groups profession choices (Parsons 1909, refered to in Hartung Blustein 2002). These models likewise supplement Amundsons (2007) fascination model that was recently talked about. Therefore, it is worthwhile that associations perceive people engaging elements so that HRM can devise pulling in procedures and approaches to welcome and keep up ability in the work environment. Associations need to proactively hold its representatives to forestall intentional turnover in light of the fact that critical costs are related with its misfortune (Equal Opportunity for Women in the Workplace Agency n.d.; Garger 1999). The Diversity Dividend (2002, refered to in Equal Opportunity for Women in the Workplace Agency n.d.) revealed that every worker takeoff costs associations somewhere in the range of 90 and 2000 percent of a representatives yearly compensation. In addition, selecting and retraining new representatives costs cash and time (Brundage Koziel 2010; Equal Opportunity for Women in the Workplace Agency n.d.; Peterson 2005). Moreover, losing ability likens to losing information since representatives have extraordinary ability (Amundson 2007; Equal Opportunity for Women in the Workplace Agency n.d.; Ramlall 2004), as recently talked about. Also, organization targets are not accomplished (Equal Opportunity for Women in the Workplace Agency n.d.; Garger 1999), th e rest of the representatives efficiency and assurance are influenced (Equal Opportunity for Women in the Workplace Agency n.d.; Garger 1999; Hunt Rasmussen 2007), and the associations notoriety may be endangered (Garger 1999). Wal-Mart has effectively d

Do Music Lyrics Promote Violence Resear free essay sample

There are a few, nonetheless, that can be very unsafe, particularly to a defenseless crowd. Todays music and melodious substance have experienced an uncommon change since the presentation Of awesome over forty years prior. In the event that guardians in the fifties didn't care for Elvis spinning hips, they positively would be bewildered by how rapidly we have arrived at this anything goes mindset. The counter social subjects basic in well known music have constrained a few grown-ups to energize against it, particularly music, for example, overwhelming metal and rap.Plato once expressed, Any melodic advancement is hazardous to the entire state and should be precluded. Substantial metal verses, for instance, as a rule contain topics of distance, requital, and tension. The verses themselves contain references to sex, medicate use, self destruction, Satanism, and other savagery. From the audience members perspective, the verses are scarcely conspicuous and the music is uproarious and guitar driven. Perceiving how you can not so much ever hear what the verses state, they become not entirely clear for whoever tunes in. We will compose a custom exposition test on Do Music Lyrics Promote Violence Resear or then again any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Rap music is similarly as awful if not more regrettable as substantial metal contingent upon the message given in the tune. Rap verses are recited in rhythm and are joined by cadenced music that may incorporate scratching or turning. The verses of rap music will in general contain shocking language and intimate things simply like substantial metal. My anxiety isn't with mainstream music, or even with a specific class, for example, overwhelming metal or rap. My anxiety is with those melodies that laud viciousness, prejudice, murder, anarchy, and support the maltreatment of women.I am not accentuating any kind of restriction, however I am underlining some sort of obligation or citizenship. Music is essential to this culture and its character. Music characterizes social and sub-social limits. Todays culture face undeniably a bigger number of challenges and threats than their partners did only an age prior. In the course of the most recent thirty years, brutal adolescent wrongdoing has hopped by in excess of 500 percent. The effect that music has had on conduct is mind boggling and differs greatly.The most ideal approach to figure out what the effect is, the thing that fierce verses attest, and owe the verses fit into the effect of well known diversion is to empower research, discussion, and conversation. Teenager self destruction has significantly increased, unwed high schooler pregnancy has soar, and easygoing medication use among adolescents has bounced almost 50% alone over the most recent four years (Lustiest). An adolescents inclination for particular sorts of music can likewise correspond on to how the child carries on just as different exercises they do. Music has consistently greatly affected young people and how they are presented to specific things. Do Music Lyrics Promote Violence Resear free paper test We as a whole know music itself can affect individuals from the second the melody starts to the second it closes. It can fulfill them, consider past separations, consider somebody they love, miss a relative that has passed, need to get up and move, or disturb us when they stall out In our minds. Music is there for us and can get us through any circumstance. Most music can make individuals experience a Did scope of feelings, the vast majority of which can be either extremely awesome or completely readers.There are a few, nonetheless, that can be very hurtful, particularly to a powerless crowd. Todays music and expressive substance have experienced an intense change since the Introduction of awesome over forty years back. On the off chance that guardians In the fifties didn't Like Elvis revolving hips, they positively would be astounded by how rapidly we have arrived at this anything goes mindset. We will compose a custom paper test on Do Music Lyrics Promote Violence Resear or on the other hand any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page The anta-social subjects regular In well known music have constrained a few grown-ups to energize against It, particularly music, for example, overwhelming metal and rap. Plato once expressed, Any melodic development is hazardous to the entire state and should be disallowed. Overwhelming metal verses, for instance, typically contain subjects of estrangement, revenge, and apprehension. The verses themselves contain references to sex, tranquilize use, self destruction, Satanism, and other brutality. From the audience members perspective, the verses are scarcely conspicuous and the music is uproarious and guitar driven. Perceiving how you can not so much ever hear what the verses state, they become not entirely clear for whoever tunes in. Rap music is similarly as awful if not more regrettable as overwhelming metal contingent upon the message given in the song.Rap verses are recited in rhythm and are joined by cadenced music that may incorporate scratching or turning. The verses of rap music will in general contain frightful language and intimate things Just like overwhelming metal. My anxiety isn't with famous music, or even with a specific kind, for example, substantial metal or rap. My anxiety is with those tunes that laud viciousness, prejudice, murder, commotion, and support the maltreatment of ladies. I am not stressing any sort of cherishes, yet I am accentuating some kind of obligation or citizenship.Music is critical to this culture and its character. Music characterizes social and sub-social limits. Todays culture face unquestionably a bigger number of troubles and threats than their partners did Just an age back. In the course of the most recent thirty years, vicious adolescent wrongdoing has Jumped by in excess of 500 percent. The Impact that music has had on conduct Is intricate and changes extraordinarily. The most ideal approach to figure out what the Impact Is, the thing that rough verses declare, and how the yards fit Into the Impact of well known amusement Is to support research, discussion, and discussion.Teen self destruction has significantly increased, unwed youngster pregnancy has soar, and easygoing medication use among teenagers has Jumped almost 50% alone Over the most recent four years (Lustfully). A young people inclination for particular kinds of music can likewise relate on to how the child carries on just as different strongholds they do. Music has consistently greatly affected youths and how they are presented to specific things. - Nereid up and move, or bother us when they stall out in our minds. Music is there for us Med scope of feelings, a large portion of which can be either extremely magnificent or totally alienable crowd. Presentation of awesome over forty years back. In the event that guardians in the fifties didn't care for Elvis spinning hips, they unquestionably would be confounded by how rapidly we have arrived at this anything goes attitude. The counter social subjects basic in famous music have constrained a few grown-ups to revitalize against it, particularly music, for example, substantial Rap music is Just as terrible if not more terrible as overwhelming metal contingent upon the message essential to this culture and its personality. Music characterizes social and sub-social partners did Just an age ago.Over the most recent thirty years, savage Juvenile The effect that music has had on conduct is unpredictable and changes significantly. The most ideal approach to figure out what the effect is, the thing that fierce verses state, and how the verses fit into the effect of well known diversion is to empower research, banter, and easygoing medication use among teenagers has Jumped about 50% alone over the most recent four years (Liquidity). Child acts just as different exercises they do.

Critically Examine The Explanation Of How We Read A Piece Of Written

Critically Examine The Explanation Of How We Read A Piece Of Written Critically Examine The Explanation Of How We Read A Piece Of Written Material â€" Essay Example > A Critical Examination: The Visual Cognitive Process AbstractThe paper is an investigation in the human visual process of reading. It initially finds that there are two parallel sets of processes involved in this â€" the distal processes that are indirectly involved and the proximal processes that are directly involved. Distal processes may be verbal skills and retrieval from long-term memory (Kirby, J.R. , 1999). Proximal processes may be - orthography (this is the graphic dimension of the letters in the text which may collectively be recognizable as words; common grammatical signs such as punctuation marks etc. are also taken in by this initial task; orthography is the first task that is performed in visual reading); phonology (this is the sound element of words and pseudowords that allows the reader to associate them with their semantics and other properties; it is noted here that humans usually learn language through the spoken means and phonology allows them to more easily as sociate with other properties); syntactics (each language prescribes a particular order in which it may be spoken or written in a grammatical sense and this is syntactics; the reader has to decode the syntactics to move forward to the next reading tasks â€" lexicology and semantics); lexicology (this is the signified meaning of the words as they are posited in the text and is construed as per the previously realized tasks); semantics (this is the signified associated implications and inferences that can be drawn on the words and sentences taken in conjunction or in singularity and this task assists primarily in comprehension) and thematic processing (this is the task that allows individual components of a text to be aligned to others so that a comprehensive meaningful overview of the text is available to the reader) (McCallum, R.D. , 2006). The paper also finds hat these processes, in visual reading are deployed in two manner of approaches â€" the bottom-up approach adopted by less -skilled readers who use the orthography of the textual components to proceed further into visual processing for understanding and storing textual meaning and the top-down approach employed by skilled readers who can almost instantaneously interpret orthography of certain textual components into comprehension (Healey, C.G. , 2006). The paper also finds that preattentive reading skills assist the reader in focusing on textual components while post-attentive ones allow him or her to enable further comprehension and memorial retention (Healey, C.G. , 2006). The paper has eschewed lengthy discussion on relevant process regions in the brain as the evidence to date is too copious to include within its brevity. It has fairly concluded that both the cerebral cortex and, as more recently found, parts of the cerebellum are involved in the processes of visual reading, regions and activation varying with differentiation in presented text and, sometimes, gender of reader. IntroductionReading i s fundamentally a set of processes by which an individual utilizes text to gain meaning, knowledge or experience from it (Henry, D.J. , Undated). It is a process that allows human individuals to access a particular phenomenon, the text being read, in their immediate physical environment. In essence, the individual is utilizing his or her perception, with and without prior knowledge to assist it, to subjectivise, as thoroughly as possible, an objective in the world. All the processes involved in this, the perceptive processes, shall be dealt with here to some detail. These may be available from a number of interrelated disciplines such as â€" cognitive and developmental psychology, educational research and neuroscientific research. Thus, it is noted that both the psychological and physiological aspects of a human individual’s techniques that are employed to read text shall be elucidated. As the title implies, reading is a highly visual process as the main stimulus is the letters o f the text provided from the outside and the eyes, in turn, access the letters of the texts.

What Is a Chemical Property

A chemical property is a characteristic or behavior of a substance that may be observed when it undergoes a chemical change or reaction. Chemical properties are seen either during or following a reaction  since the arrangement of atoms within a sample must be disrupted for the property to be investigated. This is different from a physical property, which is a characteristic that may be observed and measured without changing the chemical identity of a specimen. Key Takeaways: Chemical Property A chemical property is a characteristic of a substance that may be observed when it participates in a chemical reaction.Examples of chemical properties include flammability, toxicity, chemical stability, and heat of combustion.Chemical properties are used to establish chemical classifications, which are used in labels on containers and storage areas. Examples of Chemical Properties Examples of chemical properties of a substance can include: ToxicityReactivityTypes of chemical bonds formedCoordination numberOxidation statesFlammabilityHeat of combustionEnthalpy of formationChemical stability under specific conditionsAcidity or basicityRadioactivity Remember, a chemical change must occur for a chemical property to be observed and measured. For example, iron oxidizes and becomes rust. Rusting is not a property that can be described based on analysis of the pure element. Uses of Chemical Properties Chemical properties are of great interest to materials science. These characteristics help scientists classify samples, identify unknown materials, and purify substances. Knowing the properties helps chemists make predictions about the type of reactions to expect. Because chemical properties are not readily apparent, they are included in labels for chemical containers. Hazard labels based on chemical properties should be affixed to containers, while full documentation should be maintained for easy reference. Sources Emiliani, Cesare (1987). Dictionary of the Physical Sciences: Terms, Formulas, Data. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-503651-0.Masterton, William L.; Hurley, Cecile N. (2009). Chemistry: Principles and Reactions (6th edition). Brooks/Cole Cengage Learning.Meyers, Robert A. (2001). Encyclopedia of Physical Science and Technology (3rd ed.). Academic Press. ISBN 978-0-12-227410-7.

Arranged Marriage Is Good A Persuasive Speech - 655 Words

Arranged Marriage is a Good Thing: A Persuasive Speech Intro: Marriage is a union that has been around for as long as humans have walked the earth. The human race depends upon the union of its members, and as such, the subject of marriage has been an issue that receives more intense scrutiny and attention than many would likely believe. In todays day and age, with humanity continuing to move in a modern direction, many argue that marriage is a union that should be entered into freely and should be based exclusively on the love between two people. However, I argue that arranged marriage, which has taken place throughout the ages and throughout the world, is a union that offers its observers a marriage based in support, longevity and love, and is an institution that should not be frowned upon. Thesis: Arranged marriage is a good thing and should be respected by those throughout the world who condemn it. Point I: Arranged marriage has been around for ages. - Ever since humans have existed, so has the arranged marriage. - In biblical times and in the Bible itself, arranged marriage was the standard for couples, whose spouses would be chosen for them by their parents or guardians as early as their birth. Sub-Point: Arranged marriage was so popular an option as history moved on, that many royals took part in the option such as: Louis XVI and Marie Antionette, Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain and Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon - These biblical and royal arrangedShow MoreRelatedLady Macbeth : Going Against Tradition1779 Words   |  8 Pageshis most famous and terrifying female character. When Shakespeare’s Macbeth was performed in the early 1600’s the storyline was something familiar, something that was factual during that era rather than fictional. Not taking away from history or a good story, Shakespeare changed a few particular details of the story. 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How can I as a nurse change the public health system Free Essays

The healthcare system is composed of different individuals who are aiming to provide quality healthcare services to achieve optimum health among their patients. One of which are nurses. It is said that the role of the nurses are very important in the health care delivery as they are the ones who are directly involved in the care of the patients. We will write a custom essay sample on How can I as a nurse change the public health system? or any similar topic only for you Order Now The core services of the nurses include health promotion, health protection and illness prevention (Backe, 1996). However, in this contemporary world, the role of the nurses are not only limited in the caring of the patients, but also in changing the public health system to ensure that they provide quality and standard health care services among people. Accordingly, the public health is the core of a quality heath care system and is considered as the most cost-efficient method for the prevention of disease and improvement of health (Avila Smith, 2003). The public health is also known as the first line of defense of the nation as their response to the threat of bioterrorism and in line with disaster preparedness. With years of negligence and erosion in financial budget, the capability of the public health system has been compromised in performing their core functions effectively. In this regard, such issue has become critical in sustaining a long-term stable funding source for the health of the public. With the continuous threats of bioterrorism, pandemic flu, and natural disasters it is important that public health system must be improved to cope with these challenges. As a nurse, I can say that I also have the capability of changing the public health system in various ways. One of these is by being more observant to what is happening around me. Being a nurse, my responsibility should not be bounded by merely practicing all the things that I have learned from the books and from the years of studies at nursing school. In order to make changes in the public health system, I must become more observant to my environment specifically in terms of knowing what policies provided by healthcare authorities are still suitable for the current trends in delivering quality healthcare services and which policies should be modified or revised to meet the changing needs of the people. In addition, I can say that as a nurse, I can change the public health system by knowing directly from the people what they need and coordinating it with the proper authorities for them to make changes and improvement to meet the needs of the public. In addition, I can also help by providing assistance in assessing the needs of the public and helps in providing effective intervention programs. Through my sufficient knowledge and skills not only with hands on activities but also in research and development since evidence are necessary in planning and implementation of appropriate public health system, especially in the remote and sub-urban communities. I can also say that as a nurse, I also have the ability to change the public health system and provide significant impact in terms of improving the public health through both the population-based health approaches, evidenced-based health strategies and interventions with individuals and families. Recent studies have shown that the crucial role of nurses play in the enhancement of evidenced-based nursing practice and their influence on the public health system (Manley Webster, 2006). Furthermore, I can also say that I can help in changing the public health system by my distinctive knowledge based on my experience as a public nurse. As strategists, clinical experts as well as collaborators, I can say that I also have the unique ability to interpret the essentialities of health and illness contexts so as to advocate families, populations and clients to healthcare planners and policy making body’s at all public levels of the healthcare system. Since I have worked in various roles within a wide spectrum of the public health system in various work environment and settings, I can say that I have enough information on what the public health system should be improved and enhanced (HRSA, 2005). Through my nursing practice expertise, I can also become an instrument to enable the public health authority to identify which intervention strategies is suitable for a specific need of the people as well as to help in overcoming the problems and issues faced by the public health system in order to continuously provide quality health care to the patients, especially in the rural communities. All in all, I can say that my role as a nurse is not only limited to the clinical practice and expertise. My role is to become an effective instrument of bridging the long distance between the people and the authorities who are trying to safeguard their health and help them in preventing diseases that would threaten them for having quality health care living. Reference Avila, M. and Smith, K (2003). â€Å"The reinvigoration of public health nursing: methods and innovations.† Journal of Public Health Management Practice 9(1): 16-24. Backe, H. (1996) Public Health Nursing Services in Rural and Northern Regional Health Authorities: Policy Options for Boards. Unpublished Paper. Winnipeg. Heath Resources and Services Administration. (2005). Public health workforce study. Bureau of Health Professions: Rockville, Maryland. Manley, K. Webster, J. (2006). Can we keep quality care alive? Nursing Standard 21(3): 12-15. How to cite How can I as a nurse change the public health system?, Essay examples

Oedipus Trilogy Essays - Oedipus, Operas, Creon, Sophocles, Jocasta

Oedipus Trilogy Oedipus Rex, or Oedipus Tyrannus as it is in Latin, could be what we call today a Freudian work of literature. The Oedipus Trilogy was originally written by Sophocles and is meant to be told in a story-telling fashion. But this Grecian tragedy was revised and translated into English by Paul Roche and put into a novel form. The Oedipus Trilogy is a novel that deals with destiny and fate. The reader is shown a series of events plotted out from which Oedipus cannot escape. When we begin to read this story, we must remember that Greek society was based around myths and legends. They, much like today's society, had the need to explain everything. Their myths were a way of explaining such things. They had a series of gods and muses and fates to explain why things happened the way it happened. They believed in a force greater than their own controlling their every move. Sophocles took their beliefs and used the Oedipus Trilogy to explore the irony of how the Fates work more closely. The Oedipus plays are separated into three main plays: Oedipus Rex (The King), Oedipus at Colonus, and Antigone. The story starts in Oedipus Rex, and the city of Thebes in which he is ruler is in plague. The city calls upon the ruler Oedipus to find a way to stop the plague. At this point in time, it is 15 years after the prophecy given to him by the Oracle of Delphi of his father dying and him marrying his mother. When he hears of this he promises never to return so he may outsmart the fates. He eventually ends up in Thebes through his travels and gets into an argument with an old man. He ends up killing the old man in a brawl. Little does he know that this old man is King Laius, his father. He goes to Thebes where a Sphynx is harassing it's people for an answer to it's riddle. Oedipus solves the riddle and the Sphynx throws itself from its perch upon a rock outside the city. Its people make Oedipus the new King. Now he is faced with another challenge, to find the killer and banish him from the city to rid them of the plague. We are faced with an interesting plot indeed. When Oedipus pledges to find the murderers, he puts himself in the ironic position of having to hunt himself down. The story shows Oedipus following his own tracks until he finds the shepherd who gave the infant Oedipus to the king of Corinth, from King Laius. Once the story becomes clear, Jocasta, his wife, kills herself in a bloody rage and Oedipus stabs his eyes out. Oedipus has Creon, brother to Jocasta, tend to his last affairs and assume kingship of Thebes. When we go to Oedipus at Colonus, the whole story then goes to the eminent defeat of Thebes by whomever holds Oedipus's tomb. Oedipus promises the knowledge of his tomb only to the kings of Athens. The story of Antigone is of how Oedipus' daughter defies the will of Creon and gives Polynices. When a person is faced with the possibility of committing an unfavorable deed, a person will take whatever steps necessary to prevent them from committing the act. It is a basic human instinct to prevent ones self from committing the act. And the basic overall theme of the Oedipus trilogy is defiance. We see the attempt to defy throughout the whole trilogy. Oedipus tries to defy the Fates by avoiding his destiny. Creon tries to avoid the will of the Fates by getting Oedipus to come back to Thebes so he can save it from being taken. And Antigone defies the will of Creon by burying Polynices against his will. What they all learned by the end of their stories was that they could not escape their chosen fate. All throughout the story we see attempts to defy the will of others. Oedipus staying in the sanctuary is one example. His resistance to go back to Thebes is another. It all points back to defiance of fate. The entire trilogy is done from a third person omniscient point of view. This gives it the flexibility to move easily between the three different stories without having to explain each setting in length. Each character in Oedipus' line all seems to have one thing in common, their stubbornness. Creon seems to be a man of distinction and honor in the story. Tiresias, as

Alternative Fuel Sources essays

Alternative Fuel Sources essays With all the topics circulating the media about the issues in the United States, many go unnoticed by the general public through the excuse of lack of relevance to the individual. The fuel crisis America is currently going through is not one of the ones to be pushed aside so quickly; it affects the lives of each citizen in some way. Personally, my main concerns surrounding this topic are the harm being done to the environment, the political conflicts with the Middle East over oil, and the increasing price at the pump. The world as a whole consumes approximately seventy-seven million barrels of oil a day, and it is predicted that in the next twenty years that global energy demands will increase a staggering sixty percent from our status quo. The burning of oils and coal for power is slowly destroying the Earth via acid rain, environmental accidents, and airborne pollutants released into the atmosphere. Fossil fuels are limited, and eventually will not be sufficient to meet the demand of the public. This energy obsessed society has burned sixty-five percent of America's known oil, which cannot be replenished for millions of years. It does not improve the situation that Middle Eastern countries control many factors of the oil business, as they are not very fond of Americans and our ways of living. Time is running out, and mankind is in desperate need of an alternative. Other energy sources that are renewable may be the key to unlocking a solution depending on the pros and cons of the proposal. Wind energy, hydrogen fuel cells, and solar energy all hold great promise in the future salvation of our economy and environment if the appropriate funds are provided for research. Wind energy has been around for quite some time but has grown greatly in popularity in the past few years. It and solar energy plans offer clean, inexhaustible sources without the international problems caused by oil. Wind energy could provide twenty percent of Am...

Time for Writing How to Make Time to Write in Your Busy Life

Time for Writing How to Make Time to Write in Your Busy Life Time for Writing: 8 Steps to Become a Weekend Writing Warrior Carving out the time to write a book requires planning, persistence, and at times, a lot of caffeine. Even with all the right elements in place, making time for writing is a major undertaking, especially when your days are filled with commitments to work, family, and social activities. So, you have a dream to write that book, but you’re locked into a schedule that’s keeping you from pursuing your dream.I know the routine: Get up, work all day, come home and make dinner, and look after the kids (or unwind in front of the TV) and then you fall into bed, exhausted, before you have to do it all again the next day.When the weekend comes, you just want to kick back, take it easy, and put the week behind you. Then Monday comes around and the rat race starts all over again.Soon you can hear yourself making excuses for all the reasons why you didn’t write:â€Å"I was so busy this week I just didn’t have time†Ã¢â‚¬Å"I’ll do it next week when I’m more organized†Ã¢â‚¬Å"I’ll start writing when I’m feeling more motivated†Ã¢â‚¬Å"I’ll get to it once I quit my day job and have more time†¦Ã¢â‚¬  But as you know by now, there’s never a perfect time.We’re always busy with something.And if we don’t take action when we can, the excuses will keep coming until we run out of time forever.Don’t let your dream die. I’m going to help you get your book done.NOTE: We cover everything in this blog post and much more about the writing, marketing, and publishing process in our VIP Self-Publishing Program. Learn more about it hereTime for Writing: 8 Steps to Becoming a Weekend Writing Warrior By becoming a weekend writing warrior, you can get it done. I know because I’ve done it. In this post I’ll share with you my 8 step strategy for writing a book on the weekends even if your week is crazy busy.#1 Start With Intentional Planning Habit FormingWhen it comes to getting your writing done, strategy is everything. Without a plan, you drift; and when you drift, you end up back where you started, wasting more time while procrastinating.The key to writing a book on your weekends is to get plan out how you will use your writing time and develop a writing habit. If you know ahead of time what you’ll be focusing on, where you’ll be writing and for how long, when it comes time to start writing, you’ll show up ready for keyboard action. Our intentional planning model should consist of:Researching topics, articles, and interviewsChapter mind mappingCrafting an outline A good craftsman always shows up to create with his best tools. As writers, we need to spend time preparing to write before showing up at the keyboard. You want to do any necessary research outside of your writing time, not during it.Stopping just to check that â€Å"one thing† breaks your writing flow (and often sends you off into the wilds of the internet , never to return).During my writing sessions, if I get stuck and need to check on something, I’ll make a note in the paragraph like CBL [Come Back Later].You can set up your chapters as well by doing brief mind maps for each. If you have crafted your book’s outline already, this should be easy. Take a few minutes each day during the week to do a quick outline for each chapter.You don’t have to write anything until the weekend, but at the very least, make some notes about what you’re going to write when the weekend comes so you’re prepared.#2 Setting Up Your Writing Space Your writing environment has a huge influence on how your writing sessions flow. Will you write in a coffee shop? A quiet room? Under the stairs?Locked in a closet with just your laptop and a light bulb? Wherever you choose to write, it should be at least comfortable and a place you can stay focused for long periods of time.My writing space consists of my computer, motivational q uotes, and mind maps for my books.Heres a table detailing what a good writing space looks like.How to Start Writing TipExecutionMinimize Distractions- isolate yourself from family/friends/even the family dog - remind everyone it's YOUR time - Turn your phone off - Close ALL web browsers - Close your emailGet Comfortable- invest in a GOOD chair - or resort to using a stand-up desk for more energy - fill the area with motivational quotes - make sure you're physically comfortable for the next 30 minutes or an hourChoose Beneficial Background Noise- turn off all sounds if it distracts you - turn on lyric-less music to help you concentrate - choose energizing music to help you focusDecorating your writing space adds to inspiration, but also serves as a reminder: This is where you write. Make it a place that you can enjoy creating in. But does it have to be just the one place? Of course not. You can change writing locations and have two or three designated spots.I would recommend having a primary spot you write in consistently, but have another place set up that you can get to just in case you need to change locations. Try out several places and see what works best.Take note of how you feel working in your creative element.Is it comfortable?Are you comfortable?Is it an energetic spot or, do you feel irritated and restless?Do you work better in a place that’s quiet [private room] or super noisy [Starbucks]?On days when I spend all day writing, I’ll break it up into two different locales: one is my writing room, and the other is a coffee shop. If the noise is a problem, I’ll wear headphones and tune out everything with some mellow writing music.#3 Keep Your Mindmap and Book Outline HandyI have shown up many times to write only to realize I had no plan for what I was writing. This leads to procrastination and then I look for something else to occupy my time.Know what you are going to write by planning beforehand. Developing your mind map or a book outline is the surest way to start cutting into the pages. Before you become a weekend writer, you’ll need your mind map and outline.If you start writing without having done these important steps first, you’ll eventually end up stuck. Make sure you have your book fully mind mapped and a general working book outline.Use your outline as a checklist to get your words down on paper with purpose. Each of your writing block sessions should have a clear purpose as to what you are going to write.#4 Eliminate Internet Distractions Excuses One of the biggest obstacles writers face is being pulled out of their â€Å"writing zone† by message indicators, vibrations, pop-ups, and a whole list of writing excuses.This includes notifications that â€Å"you’ve got email† or, better yet, someone that you don’t even know has just liked one of your comments on Facebook and you feel that need to check it out right away.My advice: unplug yourself from all thing s connected to the Internet. Here is what you do: Option 1: Unplug yourself completely from the internet. Turn off Wi-Fi or physically unplug your network cable. This is the best option to separate yourself from the internet during your writing time. This is the â€Å"zero tolerance† method that I use as my number one choice for getting things done.Option 2: Use productivity apps to eliminate or cut down on time spent checking certain sites. Use an app such as RescueTime to block the sites that distract you by choosing the amount of time you need to focus. RescueTime send you updates via email to let you know how much time was spent on certain websites. This is good to know, because the next time you catch yourself saying â€Å"I didn’t have time to write† but you spent three unproductive hours on a certain site, you can channel this time into your weekend writing schedule.Two more apps I recommend: Cold Turkey and SelfControl [for Mac]. Both apps are designed t o reduce or eliminate wasted time, and this means higher focus and more time targeted for writing words fast. In a nutshell: Sit Down. Unplug. Focus. Write.#5 Establishing a Writing Schedule Time Slots When time is limited, it’s important to be strategic in how you use it. In the previous step, we took action by cutting off our interaction with the Internet during our writing time.The next thing we want to do is decide:How long are your writing sessions going to be? 25 minutes? 40 minutes? One hour?How many writing sessions are you doing today? For example, I’ll do three one-hour sessions in a day. I’ll write for one hour, take a ten-minute break, repeat. During the break, get up and move around, stretch or grab some coffee.How to Set Up Your Writing SessionOne option is to use the Pomodoro Technique.Self-published author Steve Scott, who has written close to 70 books, utilized the Pomodoro Technique to structure his writing time.Set your timer for 25 minutes and write. Take a five-minute break, and repeat. This system works really well and is great for getting focused and writing in short bursts. If you want to go longer, set your timer for sixty minutes. I use the timer on my iPhone.Set it for the time you are committed to writing and GO. You should focus only on your writing during this period.No research, editing, or breaking the writing flow, unless there’s a house fire. Just write.Set a goal for yourself to crank out one thousand words in an hour. These are longer stretches and can be tough for some people so if you are struggling, start with the Pomodoro System and ease your way into doing longer sessions.#6 Set Your Word Count TargetMany people get overwhelmed when they think about writing a book. But if you write 3000 words a day on the weekends, you can be done with the first draft of your book in a month.  All you have to know is how many words will be in your novel and you can work backward from there.If you plan ah ead and set your writing goal at a pace of 800-1200 words per hour, you’ll be done in thirty hours of writing time.This might seem like a lot but think about it: How much time do you spend watching TV in a week?How much time do you spend at the office?How much time do you spend checking email or on social media?It can be done, and you can do this!Set a daily word count targetfor yourself. Be strategic about this and take a rough guess how long your book is going to be. If I know I’m planning to write a 25,000-word novella, if I crank out 6000 words per weekend, I can complete a draft in a month. If your book is shorter or longer, you can adjust to fit your target deadline. You can easily track your word count in Scrivener. You can also use a Google spreadsheet or a simple Excel spreadsheet. By tracking your progress, you have a clear indication of how close you’re getting to your goal.It’s also highly motivating to know you’re making progress.#7 R eward Yourself There’s a famous proverb that says: â€Å"All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.†I have no idea who Jack was, but I do know that if you spend your entire weekend writing, you’re going to need some RR at the end of it. This is a critical stage.If you spend week after week putting in time at work and then working more on the weekend, even if it is a passion project like writing your novel, you’ll get burned out and feel less inspired when the next weekend comes around. You deserve a break.Do something for yourself. Go to a movie. Take your friends out to dinner. Get away from the manuscript.I usually end the weekend by engaging in some fun activities such as:Watching a movieSpending time with the kidsTaking a long walk or runningTaking a long drive and thinking about future goals and what I accomplished this weekendMeditating or working out#8 Plan Your Next Writing Weekend There’s one more stage after you have wrapped things up a t the end of your writing weekend.This is an important step. Before you pack it up, take ten minutes to draft a quick action plan for the week. This consists of the book research, chapter outlining, and anything else you need to do outside of the book writing process. I do this step Sunday night before bed. Then, when the week starts I know exactly what work on to set myself up for success the following weekend. The alternative to this is to spend five minutes each night writing down what you’ll do the next day.Do you need to outline your next chapter? Tighten up your overall book outline? Reach out to any online influencers about your next book release? This step is part of the intentional planning phase that will keep you focused.So even while you are busy in the week with your other commitments, having a shortlist to refer to makes your mission clear.The weekend is nearly here again. Are you ready? Don’t make excuses- get your book written. You can do this. If you f ollow the 8-step plan, three months from now you can be celebrating the publication of your next book.The next time someone asks you the question: â€Å"How do you find the time to write?† You can now tell them: â€Å"Oh, it’s easy. I write books on the weekends.†What to do NextNow its time to cut the reading and get to learning.If youre ready to write a book and self-publish it, inthenext90days,join your free training!

I want to get married, Ghad Abdel Aal Assignment

I want to get married, Ghad Abdel Aal - Assignment Example in Egypt, a country that has over 3 million spinsters over the age of the 35, 25% of marriages ending up in divorce within a year and 50% of men between the youthful and economically active age of 25-29 are unmarried. Ghada strives to obtain a â€Å"Mr. Right† that will be accepted by the parents, but fails to secure one despite attending numerous living room meetings arranged by friends and family. Young men are failing to rise to the expectations of their parents and girls experience the stiffest challenge when time comes for them to be married. While some might perceive Ghada to be debauched and the foulest example of single ladies, she in fact portrays the exasperating, interesting, amusing and lousy world of dating, aspects that can be attributed to the new millennium. Moreover, Ghada reveals the overwrought gender relations predominant not only in Egypt but also in many developing countries. While intermarriages seemed to popup in the story, it is something that a good portion of the contemporary society is yet to embrace and give the modern woman more freedom to determine her fate. Disparagingly, parents have failed in guiding their children in the growth and development process, a factor that has increase the challenges being experienced by young people of Ghada’s age and this challenges the existence of families and social

Traditonal Theories Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Traditonal Theories - Essay Example The classical criminologists on the other hand, argued that criminal behavior was as a result of rationalism thereby refuting claims of possession by evil spirits (Barak et al. 95). Criminals thus pursue personal interests by committing crimes. Since criminals are rational, committing crime is a free will. According to Barak et al (95), criminals commit crimes to â€Å"maximize their pleasure and minimize their pain†. Crimes were punished through legal reforms which are formal and rational in nature. The positivist school of thought argue that criminals are forced to act by factors beyond their control such as; biological, psychological and sociological factors thus refuting rationalism as a driver of criminality (Barak et al. 95). The criminals are seen as portraying abnormal behavior and thus punishment is aimed at correcting the behavior to conform to the norms of society. They are thus given reform treatment and social intervention. The last school of thought emphasizes on inequality as the diver of criminal activities. They thus commit crime to correct the inequalities. Such crimes include activities such as; financial manipulations and robbery. Such conditions are corrected through equitable distribution of resources (96). White-Collar and Organized Crime The traditional theories can be applied to white-collar crimes and organized crimes.

Statistical Analysis of Cricket Matches

Statistical Analysis of Cricket Matches Abstract The effect of playing home or away and many other factors, such as batting first or second, winning or losing the toss, have been hypothesised as influencing the outcome of major cricket matches. Anecdotally, it has often been noted that Subcontinental sides (India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh) tend to perform much better on the Subcontinent than away from it. In 2009, Joshi published an article in the Royal Meteorological Society Journal Weather which suggested that the prevailing weather conditions were more important to the results of the Ashes test series in Australia than were the relative strengths of the teams. In this paper, focusing on results of mens One Day International (ODI) matches involving England, I investigate the extent to which a number of factors including playing home or away (or the continent of the venue), batting or fielding first, winning or losing the toss, the mean temperature and humidity during the game, the condition of the pitch, and the strength of each teams top batting and bowling resources influence the outcome of matches. I employ a variety of Statistical techniques, and conclude that the continent of the venue does appear to be a major factor affecting the result, but winning the toss does not. In the second part of this study, I will use any significant factors to attempt to build a Binary Logistic Regression Model that will predict the chance of England winning at different stages of a game. The study also looks at using this model to consider different gambling techniques to see which would have created the most profit for past games. Introduction 1.1 Understanding the Basics of ODIs A One-Day International (ODI) is a game of cricket between two International teams. The team that wins a coin toss has the choice to either bat or bowl in the first innings. The team batting first have a maximum of 50 overs or 10 wickets to score as many runs as they can, this is more commonly known as setting a total. An over consists of 6 balls from one bowler and the following over must be 6 balls from a different bowler from the opposite end of the pitch. Each bowler is allowed a maximum of 10 overs each. The first innings will be complete when either all 300 legitimate deliveries have been bowled or all 10 wickets have been lost. The team batting second then have 50 overs and 10 wickets to score more runs than their opponents, this is referred to as chasing a total. 1.2 History of cricket formats Cricket has been a game played in England for hundreds of years, and it is believed that it may date back to 1500. However, the earliest records available are from the early 17th century. There are currently 3 popular formats of the sport played at International level and below. The longest format of the game is either called a Test Match in International cricket or a first-class match in domestic cricket. Test matches are played between two nations which have reached Test status. This is determined by the International Cricket Council (ICC). In a test match, both teams have two innings each to accumulate more runs than their opponents. Test matches have a maximum time allowance of 5 days, if the result of the game is not already decided at the end of day 5, then the match ends as a draw. Throughout history, there have been games that have lasted more than 5 days, however in recent years this has been a strict guideline. The most famous case of an extended test match was when England toured South Africa in 1939; the game was extended to the 9th day to produce a result, however when England required only 41 more runs to win, the England players had to leave the ground to catch the last ferry home and the match ended in a draw. (sahistory, 2014) First-class is a term that describes the highest level of domestic cricket played within each of the cricketing nations. Each nation has a first-class competition which must also consist of two innings each and last at least 3-days. In England, first-class cricket is a 4-day competition played between 18 counties. This was the only format of the game throughout the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries. County cricket is where all England cricketers develop their game, and Moores and Tickner (2016) say that The key to improvement is not to radically overhaul our county system. It is to embrace it. This is regarding ongoing controversy towards the argument that the English county system is at fault for Englands failures. A 2015 ar ticle written by Kevin Pietersen entitled Broken county system is damaging our national side is a key example of this, where Pietersen argues that bowlers arent quick enough and too much cricket makes county players fatigued. However, Moores and Tickner are stating that there are many talented cricketers in the county circuit, who are overlooked due to their lack of international experience, and the only way for them to gain experience is to be given a chance. They argue that the blame for Englands failures often comes through not using the top county cricketers, rather than the county system itself. The first ever official Test match was in 1877, when England narrowly lost to Australia at the Melbourne cricket ground. Then 5 years later, when England lost to Australia at home, The Sporting Times printed a mock obituary of English cricket which concluded that The body will be cremated and the ashes taken to Australia. (Lords, 2016). This was the start of the infamous Ashes series that is still contested today between the 2 nations. Limited Overs cricket was first introduced in 1951 in a small town in Kerala, India. KV Kellappan Thampuran formed the Tripunithura Cricket club before coming up with the idea of playing a one-day game. (Kerala Cricket Association, 2016). It was adopted into County Cricket in England in 1962 when the Midlands knock-out cup took place between Northamptonshire, Leicestershire, Derbyshire and Nottingham and was 65 overs per side. In 1969, there was a change in the law which allowed more sporting events to take place on a Sunday. (Miller and Tickner, 2016). This was an opening for Sunday League cricket, where counties would play a limited overs game on the Sunday following a first-class match in the week. The number of overs per side have since been reduced to 60, 50, 45 and 40. (BBC cricket, 2006). The first ODI was played on 5 January 1971 when the first 3 days of a test match between Australia and England were washed out, so a one-off 1-day game consisting of 40 8-ball overs was arranged. This game was played with white kits and a red ball. Soon after this, ODI cricket caught on and became increasingly popular towards the end of the 1970s, the World Series Cricket was organised and the 1979 season saw the start of coloured kits with a white ball and 50 6-ball overs in ODIs. This was an unpopular decision at the time as it was only done to fit in more advert breaks. (Jackson, 2014). However, these advert breaks allowed more money to come into the game to be spent on, not only player development, but players wages to make cricket a more appealing profession. Until these advert breaks came in, most cricketers would be working two jobs and now that cricket could be their main priority, there was a big increase in terms of fitness, technique and overall development of the game. ODIs have changed a lot since the 1970s; there are now fielding restrictions, powerplays and other factors that have led to scores increasing within 50 overs. In the 1980s a score of 250 in 60 overs was thought of as a good total, but whilst this study is taking place, in 2017, teams are looking to set a total of 300 in most matches. Below is a table taken from howstat.com showing the top 20 ODI scores in history. Table: Top 20 ODI team totals. Taken from howstat.com Here you can see that all the top 20 scores have been in the last 11 years, even though ODIs have been around for 46 years and ODIs in the 20th Century were often 55 or 60 overs. For this reason, when I investigate factors that influence the chance of England winning an ODI, I only take data from the 21st Century as I believe the statistics from earlier ODIs are almost irrelevant to todays game. Twenty20 (T20) cricket is the newest cricket format. Each side has just 20 overs each to score more runs than their opponents. However, the number of resources (wickets) stays the same, allowing for a more attacking style of play throughout the whole game since losing wickets is not as harmful to the team. The cricketing authorities were looking to boost the games popularity with the younger generation in response to dwindling crowds and reduced sponsorship. (Cricketnext, 2009). 1.3 Why ODIs? There are several reasons I have chosen to use ODI statistics rather than Test matches or T20s. The overall aim of the study is not only to find significant factors that influence the outcome of cricket matches, but also to use these factors to be able to predict the chance of England winning a game. I believe that Test matches end in a draw too often to build a win predictor, and Frank Duckworth (2001) said one of the great weaknesses of first class cricket is that the most usual result is a draw. This doesnt mean that the two sides have performed equally, but that the game was unfinished when time ran out. Through collecting data from cricinfo.com and taking the means of draws per country in test match history tells us that there is a 32.07% chance that a Test match will end in a draw. This could be due to defensive tactics as the game lasts much longer than other forms of cricket. Bad weather conditions can also take a whole day or more out of the match and this coupled with the m ore defensive style can make it harder to get a result. From the first ODI game up until the 19th July 2016, 33 out of 3764 games resulted in a tie, meaning that less than 1% (0.87%) of matches have been tied. This is clearly a much lower percentage than in test matches. Also, when an ODI produces this result, it is usually because the game deserves to be a tie as the two sides have performed equally rather than any other factors. The less ties result will allow me to build a win predictor more accurately. T20 is a relatively new format of cricket where teams go away from typical tactics and playing proper cricket shots and instead use a hit out or get out style of play. This means that it is much harder to predict who will win a T20 game as one good individual performance can all but win the game. For example, if one batsman scored 100 in a T20 match, even if the rest of the team only gained another 30 runs, a total of 130 could still win the game. Comparatively, in ODIs much more of a team effort is required, and a sustained performance is needed to win the game. There are also not as many patterns in T20 games, as usually, the whole 20 overs are spent attacking. Whereas ODIs require defence, patience, tactical field settings and tactical batting in terms of when to up the run rate. In an ODI series usually the better or higher ranked team will come out on top. However, in T20 matches this is much more unpredictable, and countries such as Afghanistan and the Netherlands have had succ ess in T20 format, despite the latter not being in the 2017 ICC ODI rankings (ICC 2017). 1.4 D/L Method One issue which has always been present in cricket is that bad weather conditions, especially rain, will often affect games, especially in limited overs cricket. For the first 30 minutes of delay there are no overs lost, then every 5 minutes after this there is 1 over lost per side. For an ODI to be completed there must be at least 20 overs per side played. There is usually no reserve day for a game that ends as a no result, due to tight scheduling. To minimalise the impact of weather factors that cannot be controlled, the Duckworth-Lewis (D/L) method is used to calculate the target scored for the team batting second where the rain has interrupted the game. It is a mathematical formulation that takes in to consideration how many overs and wickets remain so the game has a higher chance of ending in a result. The fundamental basis of the Duckworth/Lewis (D/L) method is that we do not correct the target by the proportion of overs lost, but by the proportion of the total run-scoring reso urces lost. (Duckworth 2001) There have been many previous attempts at creating a system to set a total so that games can be completed, including the average run rate (ARR) method and the most productive overs (MPO) method. The average run rate method was used to set a total, and it did this by taking the average number of runs scored per over x the reduced innings. The problem with ARR is that it is too simplistic, and gave an unfair advantage to the team batting second if there was rain. The most productive overs method was introduced by the Australians and it set the target to chase by reducing the total based on the number of runs scored in the most productive overs. However, this did not take in to account when the overs were lost and could result in a very unfair target. (Duckworth and Lewis 2012) As an aside, a way to solve the problems of weather affected matches could be coming in the form of indoor cricket. The first indoor match to be played was an ODI between Australia and South Africa on the 16th August 2000 (Ramaraj 2013). However, this has not caught on around the world despite the promise of a full days play. Jonty Rhodes (Grunill and Lillywhite 2005), a South Africa player in the game, said there were problems to overcome, namely the fact that players were looking up at the lights even when the ball was at head height as the lighting was not on pylons. 1.5 Initial Variables Winning the Toss The coin toss is contested between the home and away captain 30 minutes prior to the first ball being bowled. The captains will go out onto the pitch and before contesting the toss they will assess the conditions to help them make their choice of batting or bowling first. Some of the conditions they consider are also variables I have looked at in this study. In the 17th century it is believed that the winning captain also got to choose which pitch was used for the game, a job that is now left to the umpires. Hypothesis 1: Winning the toss will significantly increase the chance of winning an ODI. Batting or bowling first Upon winning the toss, the captain is left with the strategic decision between batting first or second. Some people believe that a team should bat first and produce a psychological hurdle for the second team to overcome. Other people believe that there is an advantage in batting second as the score required has already been produced. (de Silva and Swartz, 1998). Some people also believe that it is best to look at several factors before making the choice of batting or bowling first. Hypothesis 2: There will be no significant increase in the chance of winning an ODI by always batting or bowling first.       Home or Away Home team advantage is believed to be a significant factor in most, if not all sports. In a 2008 study Measurement and Interpretation of Home Advantage, Stefani says that the biggest factors believed to lead to home team advantage are travel fatigue, home team spectator support and home team familiarity. In ODI cricket, travel fatigue should not be too much of a factor as teams will usually arrive at the opposition country a week or 2 before the series. Morley and Thomas (2005) find that attendance figures at English cricket matches do not give any significant advantage to the home team. They do however state that in certain venues this may not be the case. This leaves us with home team familiarity, and I believe this factor weighs heavily in the outcome of ODI matches. The average score at a ground in England can be very different from a ground in another continent. For example, the average run rate in ODIs at the Kia Oval in London, United Kingdom is 4.84 and the average run rate in Lahore, Pakistan is 5.24. (howstat, 2017). Both grounds have been hosting ODIs since the 1970s. This means that teams must change their mindset about what is a good 1st innings total when they play away from home. Weather conditions and cricket pitches also vary in different countries and continents. There are 9 official test teams in the ICC rankings and each of these countries has a usual type of pitch. The term dead pitch is used to describe pitches that are flat and offer little help for bowlers. Dead pitches are the most common wickets that are prepared these daysà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. the most common pitch type in ODIs. (cricketequipmentusa, 2017). These pitches are often found in Australia, South Africa and the West Indies. English pitches are usually encouraging for fast bowlers; pitches are often referred to as green tops. These pitches are also found in New Zealand and sometimes South Africa, they have a thin layer of grass which helps to produce swing and seam. Overcast and windy conditions are often present in England, which can correspondingly assist the ball to swing. Pitches on the subcontinent are often the opposite, where wickets are dry and dusty. The subcontinent is a term used to describe a large part of Asia, and includes the 4 big cricketing nations; India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh. The lack of rain in the subcontinent means no green on the pitches and the dr yness creates a lot of spin and uneven bounce. This is undoubtedly the reason why subcontinent teams have produced some of the best spin bowlers and why teams like England seem to struggle when playing away there. Hypothesis 3: England perform significantly better at home than anywhere else. Hypothesis 4: England perform significantly worse in the subcontinent than anywhere else. The first section of my study will test the variables mentioned above using a three-way ANOVA table. I test for statistical significance (

How Does Text Messaging Effect Students?

The Effects of Text Messaging on English Grammar By Lisa Russell, eHow Contributor  , last updated February 15, 2013 * * * * Print this article The Effects of Text Messaging on English Grammar Debate rages among educators about the effects of text messaging on English grammar. According to an unscientific poll conducted by Edutopia. org, 50% of the 1028 respondents felt texting is harming students' writing and grammar.In the same poll 20% thought that text messaging may have some impact's student's writing but they do not think it is a major problem; 27% felt texting was not a negative influence. Other People Are Reading * How Does Text Messaging Affect the Ability to Write ; Speak in English? * Why Does Texting Affect Grammar? 1. Negative Effects * Educators weighed in on Edutopia. org about how text messaging has effected student's writing abilities: â€Å"I teach 9th and 11th grade English and regardless of the age, my students' spelling is atrocious.Texting does not and has no t helped. † Some teachers believe the abbreviations used in text messaging are assaulting written English. Middle and high school teachers report that papers are being written using poor punctuation, bad grammar and inappropriate abbreviations. Students sometimes do not realize they are using text lingo in their academic writing. 2. Positive Effects * Some educators feel that anytime you can get students to write, it is positive. Students are writing more than ever before because of texting, instant messaging and online communications.Educational researchers discovered that students are writing more and revising more. The assumption that text messaging is just writing anything, but students must edit to fashion messages into a few precise words. There are teachable moments involved with texting; teachers can use it to teach about the evolution of language from Shakespearean English to Internet English. * No Effect * A third view about the effects of text messaging on English g rammar is that there is no effect.Text messaging may be considered another language; learning a new language does not affect a student's ability to use English grammar. The same can be said of slang words on English grammar. Each generation has its own jargon and English grammar has not been changed. Students need to learn the basics in English class to know the difference between slang, texting lingo and correct English. Sponsor Read more:  The Effects of Text Messaging on English Grammar | eHow. com  http://www. ehow. com/list_5828172_effects-text-messaging-english-grammar. html#ixzz2OfFFiEIz How Does Text Messaging Effect Students? The Effects of Text Messaging on English Grammar By Lisa Russell, eHow Contributor  , last updated February 15, 2013 * * * * Print this article The Effects of Text Messaging on English Grammar Debate rages among educators about the effects of text messaging on English grammar. According to an unscientific poll conducted by Edutopia. org, 50% of the 1028 respondents felt texting is harming students' writing and grammar.In the same poll 20% thought that text messaging may have some impact's student's writing but they do not think it is a major problem; 27% felt texting was not a negative influence. Other People Are Reading * How Does Text Messaging Affect the Ability to Write ; Speak in English? * Why Does Texting Affect Grammar? 1. Negative Effects * Educators weighed in on Edutopia. org about how text messaging has effected student's writing abilities: â€Å"I teach 9th and 11th grade English and regardless of the age, my students' spelling is atrocious.Texting does not and has no t helped. † Some teachers believe the abbreviations used in text messaging are assaulting written English. Middle and high school teachers report that papers are being written using poor punctuation, bad grammar and inappropriate abbreviations. Students sometimes do not realize they are using text lingo in their academic writing. 2. Positive Effects * Some educators feel that anytime you can get students to write, it is positive. Students are writing more than ever before because of texting, instant messaging and online communications.Educational researchers discovered that students are writing more and revising more. The assumption that text messaging is just writing anything, but students must edit to fashion messages into a few precise words. There are teachable moments involved with texting; teachers can use it to teach about the evolution of language from Shakespearean English to Internet English. * No Effect * A third view about the effects of text messaging on English g rammar is that there is no effect.Text messaging may be considered another language; learning a new language does not affect a student's ability to use English grammar. The same can be said of slang words on English grammar. Each generation has its own jargon and English grammar has not been changed. Students need to learn the basics in English class to know the difference between slang, texting lingo and correct English. Sponsor Read more:  The Effects of Text Messaging on English Grammar | eHow. com  http://www. ehow. com/list_5828172_effects-text-messaging-english-grammar. html#ixzz2OfFFiEIz

Should Marijuana Be Legalized - 864 Words

Legalize Marijuana Marijuana should be legalized! Well, at least, medically speaking. Marijuana besides giving you the munchies, it also has a lot of health benefits. Now, I have not just saying this because I want to legally use marijuana for a high. Truth be told I have never tried marijuana and probably would never. I want to be in control of myself and want to feel like I have control of what goes on around me. The only reason I would use marijuana is if I had a serious health reason. Legalizing marijuana will save taxpayers’ money. By making it legal we will save the money of trying to hunt these â€Å"criminals† down and sentencing them, when they are just using it to feel normal again. I think this is sad. It shouldn’t be so hard for them. The taxpayers could be using that money for something more worthwhile such as hunting drug dealers of harder substances or giving more funding to schools and nursing homes. I read somewhere we spend over $500,000 a year on just catc hing and sentencing these people. On other drugs we only spend about $50,000. Marijuana can help patients with physical illnesses such as cancer, HIV, and AIDS, by reducing or relieving pain. Here is a study I found interesting that sheds some insight on the subject of marijuana and pain relief. â€Å"Abrams and his colleagues studied 21 chronic pain patients in the inpatient Clinical and Transitional Science Institute’s Clinical Research Center at SFGH: 10 on sustained-release morphine and 11 onShow MoreRelatedShould Marijuana Be Legalized?849 Words   |  4 Pageswhether marijuana should be legalized. Around 23 states have legalized marijuana for medical and recreational use. In the state of Illinois, medicinal use of marijuana has been passed on April 17, 2013. Since January 2014, patients are able to obtain marijuana with a doctor s recommendation. The new debate is whether marijuana should be legalized for the general public as a recreational drug. Although some believe that marijuana is harmless, and that it has beneficial medicinal uses, marij uana shouldRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1715 Words   |  7 PagesMarijuana in Society Cannabis, formally known as marijuana is a drug obtained from the tops, stems and leaves of the hemp plant cannabis. The drug is one of the most commonly used drugs in the world. Only substances like caffeine, nicotine and alcohol are used more (â€Å"Marijuana† 1). In the U. S. where some use it to feel â€Å"high† or get an escape from reality. The drug is referred to in many ways; weed, grass, pot, and or reefer are some common names used to describe the drug (â€Å"Marijuana† 1). Like mostRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1489 Words   |  6 Pagescannabis plant or marijuana is intended for use of a psychoactive drug or medicine. It is used for recreational or medical uses. In some religions, marijuana is predominantly used for spiritual purposes. Cannabis is indigenous to central and south Asia. Cannabis has been scientifically proven that you can not die from smoking marijuana. Marijuana should be legalized to help people with medical benefits, econo mic benefits, and criminal benefits. In eight states, marijuana was legalized for recreationalRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1245 Words   |  5 PagesMarijuana is a highly debatable topic that is rapidly gaining attention in society today.   Legalizing marijuana can benefit the economy of this nation through the creation of jobs, increased tax revenue, and a decrease in taxpayer money spent on law enforcement.   Ã‚  Many people would outlaw alcohol, cigarettes, fast food, gambling, and tanning beds because of the harmful effects they have on members of a society, but this is the United States of America; the land of the free and we should give peopleRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1010 Words   |  5 PagesThe legalization of marijuana became a heated political subject in the last few years. Twenty-one states in America have legalized medical marijuana. Colorado and Washington are the only states where marijuana can be purchased recreationally. Marijuana is the high THC level part of the cannabis plant, which gives users the â€Å"high† feeling. There is ample evidence that supports the argument that marijuana is beneficial. The government should legalize marijuana recreationally for three main reasonsRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1350 Words   |  6 Pagespolitics in the past decade would have to be the legalization of marijuana. The sale and production of marijuana have been legalized for medicinal uses in over twenty states and has been legalized for recreational uses in seven states. Despite the ongoing support for marijuana, it has yet to be fully legalized in the federal level due to cultural bias against â€Å"pot† smoking and the focus over its negative effects. However, legalizing marijuana has been proven to decrease the rate of incrimination in AmericaRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1231 Words   |  5 Pagesshows the positive benefits of marijuana, it remains illegal under federal law. In recent years, numerous states have defied federal law and legalized marijuana for both recreational and medicinal use. Arizona has legalized marijuana for medical use, but it still remains illegal to use recreationally. This is absurd, as the evidence gathered over the last few decades strongly supports the notion that it is safer than alcohol, a widely available substance. Marijuana being listed as a Schedule I drugRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized? Essay1457 Words   |  6 PagesSHOULD MARIJUANA BE LEGALIZED? Marijuana is a drug that has sparked much controversy over the past decade as to whether or not it should be legalized. People once thought of marijuana as a bad, mind-altering drug which changes a person’s personality which can lead to crime and violence through selling and buying it. In the past, the majority of citizens believed that marijuana is a harmful drug that should be kept off the market and out of the hands of the public. However, a recent study conductedRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1596 Words   |  7 Pages But what needs to be known before a user can safely and completely make the decision if trying Marijuana is a good idea? Many do not want the drug to be legalized because they claim that Cannabis is a â€Å"gateway drug†, meaning it will cause people to try harder drugs once their body builds up a resistance to Marijuana, because a stronger drug will be needed to reach a high state. This argument is often falsely related to the medical si de of the debate over legalization. It is claimed that this wouldRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?985 Words   |  4 PagesLegalize Marijuana Despite what people believe about marijuana, it hasn’t once proved to be the cause of any real issue. It makes you wonder what the reason as to why there is a war on drugs. Why is marijuana the main concern? Since the time that alcohol and tobacco became legal, people wonder why marijuana isn’t legal yet. The fact that marijuana is illegal is mainly caused by the amount of money, jobs, and pride invested in the drug war. Once the government starts anything, they stick to it. At

Facebook A Sociological Evaluation Essay - 980 Words

This paper will explore the effect Facebook has had on society. By comparing groups today to groups fifty years ago, and by looking at personal experiences, recent political events, and interactive games, I will evaluate how Facebook has affected society’s perception of groups. There is no denying that social networking is an integral part of modern society. We spend all day updating our statuses about the latest episode of True Blood, or liking our friends’ photographs from their recent trips abroad. Our language has evolved to include words like â€Å"vlogging† and â€Å"tweeting† (which mean video blogging and posting to Twitter, respectively). Our â€Å"feeds† are linked to our cell phones, so they become available at the touch of a button. Social†¦show more content†¦All of these types of groups have a tremendous impact on society. Some recent examples of the influence Facebook groups have had on the political world are the revolution in Egypt and the Occupy Wall Street movement currently taking place around the world. In an article on CNN.com, the impacts of Facebook on the Egyptian revolution are explored. Five anonymous activists in Egypt created a Facebook event for the protests, calling it â€Å"The Day of the Revolution Against Torture, Poverty, Corruption and Unemployment.† Many people were skeptical at first, questioning the fact that support was being garnered for the protest by way of a social networking website. However, despite the initial apprehension, the rebellion was successful and president Hosni Mubarak was overthrown (Sutter, 2011). Another political protest that has been largely organized on Facebook is the Occupy Wall Street movement. Jennifer Booton wrote about the effects in an article for FOX Business last November, stating, â€Å"Social media helped the Occupy movement spread online instantaneously and to other cities in a matter of days (2011).† Protesters are posting videos to sites such as YouTube and DailyMotion that depict police officers at their worst: blasting peaceful activists with tear gas, beating them with clubs, even shooting at them! These videos have garnered much support for theShow MoreRelatedThe Industrial Revolution And Agricultural Revolution1509 Words   |  7 Pageshroughout history, sociological developments such as the Industrial Revolution and Agricultural Revolution have paved the way for the creation of new and innovative advancements in the expansion of society. Today, society is subject to an all-encompassing Communication Revolution. 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